evaluating reconstruction quizlet

The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. Webshark diving captions; how old is linda olsen global news calgary; commercial property for lease manatee county; woah oh oh oh ohhh song 80s Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. &!O3bsJ!WK^86QP91IDY LcB=G[s^P`~`AB)Pd~yfOqbS(ox2GWb{quG9sX }Lg U[* If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. Who were the Exodusters? Much of the South lay in ruins with Worked a piece of land for a fixed share of the crop. Alexander Stephens. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream This helped to shape the national political debate for generations. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. the South divided into 5 military districts, Removing #book# The end of the Civil War found the nation without a settled Reconstruction policy. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? wealthy plantation owners and Confederate officials. How did the results of Reconstruction policy shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large? While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. It gave women the right to vote in the United States. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. They were northerners who came south for jobs. Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. It contributed to a chastening of Republican ambitions in the South and forced the party to concentrate on maintaining its base of support in the North rather than growing the party in Dixie. Much of the legislation enacted in the name of racial equality was to be undone in the coming years by rulings coming from the Supreme Court (Plessy v. 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WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. General Grant National Memorial, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park, Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, reconstruction era national historical park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. What happened to black WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. In preparation for teaching this lesson, the teacher should review the entire lesson plan, including introductory background information. No. As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. Weighted against growth in the North, the South fared poorer by all economic gauges. For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. Write the letter of the choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the original sentence. Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? wF.*is5oGYqUTsaqrY)$y, "beVv1=;"urk{k"56#UEli[EB9}qJ=YY@jOU{[89K,2M`` The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. 132 0 obj <>stream HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Who did southern voters elect to office under the terms of presidential reconstruction? However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. While much progress could be seen in things like the exponential growth of railroads, even an optimistic reading of these barometers had to be tempered by an acknowledgement that doubling track mileage does not amount to much when the starting point was so low. Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. Explain your choice. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. Only in South Carolina. How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? no, although many blacks stopped participating. Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. This meant that Southern governments frequently were in the hands of novices: for example, inexperienced (and sometimes illiterate) freedmen andworse yet, from the point of view of many Southern loyalistsNortherners who had moved in the wake of war to assist in the recovery effort. Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. What happened to white small farmers during this time? hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` Sharecropping. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? 2. Equally important, the concept of "civil rights" was established during this period. The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. Lincolns view, while prudent, was not extremely popular. While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. Return to slavery in a different way. HU=s0+E{r\Ivtv($ *]L0/ u-HKX~9T Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. Many went to work in the mills. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". WebWhat is Reconstruction? white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>stream Underline each complement and indicate what kind of complement each one is. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? TQSCQIf@*$ In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. 0. It was approved by both houses in June 1866. instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting. xT+&DLeD In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. 109 0 obj <> endobj While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Then, for each characteristic of, Reconstruction listed on the chart, check off whether your character would feel positive. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. they became caught up in debt. Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. In the Senate? Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. The teacher may also wish to begin thinking about how the class is to be divided into small groups (3-5 is suggestedbut the teacher should judge the correct size based on the size of the class) as several of the activities in this lesson involve small group work. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. *SY(u% 9 Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. endstream endobj startxref The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. How did whites regain political control in the south? and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? What were Black Codes, and why were they created? Please wait while the activity loads. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? Did Congress do anything about white violence? Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union.