pulau bidong refugee camp malaysia

One part of the beach was even named Pantai Cina - China Beach - after its more famous counterpart in Vietnam. The war practically ended then, but it marked the beginning of further conflicts, both within and with its neighbors. However, my time on Bidong was gainfully occupied. Latrines and wells were inadequate; tropical rainstorms sent rivers of filthy water through the camp; all food and clean water had to be imported from the mainland. The journey was a hard one for many refugees. Pulau Bidong's unusual past as a refugee camp has become a quiet tourist draw for many former Vietnamese boat people, a development that was noted by Culture, Youth and Tourism Minister Datuk Paduka Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir in Parliament on Wednesday. The refugees lived in makeshift huts up to three stories high,and they dont have proper toilets and fresh water (it had to be supplied from the mainland or dug from wells). Thousands of refugees died at sea; rape and abduction of refugee women was common. The conflicts brought economic hardships and instability to the people of Vietnam, particularly those associated with the losing side. Then the island was borrowed as a refugee camp from the state government of Terengganu. Aid organisations such as the Malaysian Red Crescent Society, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and many non-governmental organisations assisted the refugees. A short walk into the deep at Pantai Cina will lead to a small waterfall, said to be the favorite picnic spot of the refugees. Another 600 refugees arrived in August and thereafter the arrival of boats from Vietnam was a near daily occurrence. Orphan works, where the copyright owner is unknown, also require permission for reuse. In some cases copyright belongs to third parties and has been published here under a licence agreement: this does not authorise you to copy that material. It also served as their source of fresh water (when supplies run out) and a stopover after collecting wood at the nearby hills. The crisis saw as many as 2 million Vietnamese people leaving their country and seeking refuge in nearby countries, and in Malaysia, they were placed on an island called Pulau Bidong, in Terengganu. My sister wisely hid the gold and precious stones that would determine our survival. They were called boat people. However, the number of boat people fleeing Vietnam was relatively small until 1978. was officially opened as a refugee camp on August 8th, 1978 with 121 Vietnamese refugees. The flight of stairs leading to the temple from Pantai Tenggara is richly decorated with colorful plaques written with the refugees' names, social security numbers and dates they arrived. Pulau Bidong was eventually shut down as a refugee camp in October 1991, and the remaining refugees were moved to the Sungai Besi Refugee Center in Kuala Lumpur, where they were either eventually resettled or repatriated back to Vietnam. In this video we visited Pulau Bidong, a island on the east coast of Malaysia that was once a refugee camp for the Vietnamese running away from the post Viet. These refugees were creatively named the Vietnamese Boat People by the media. The refugees strongly protested their forced repatriation. About 21,000 refugees are crammed into Pulau Bidong and water is harder to find, according to reports of some who have been allowed on that island. It has regained its former pristine beauty and many former refugees have revisited their old home. Picked up by local police at 1:30am and by the UNHCR at noon on the following day (by bus to the Marang Transit Camp). But the prospect of tourism had been promising. How can I forget them. The sums overloaded the island and the refugee camp was only for about 4,500 people. The pristine of the island was regained and it started getting many visitors, including the former refugees that were nostalgic with their old home. Refugees leaving the camp would sell their shacks to new arrivals or brokers from as little as US$20 to as high as US$400. Peace and tranquility have returned to these idyllic spots in the South China Sea but Bidong will never be the same again. Cilisos Media Sdn. Under such conditions, people scrambled to leave Vietnam, and they went out to sea in droves, hoping to find a better life somewhere else. Bidong, after being gazetted as a refugee camp was under the supervision and management of UNHCR. Vietnamese Heritage Museum Museums Victoria does not own the copyright in all the material on this website. Today, the recovery is evident as the trees which were once cut down for firewood and building material have regenerated, although some scars - a reminder to visitors of the boat people - are still evident. We called it Supplied Water. There was nothing my sister and I could do, but to grieve silently. This collection enables the telling of both stories, with primacy given in this instance to the employee as custodian of the objects. Also, there was something about keeping the racial balance in Malaysia. Post-Vietnam War Refugees After the fall of Saigon in April 1975, people started fleeing from Vietnam in boats, arriving in Malaysia, Thailandand Indonesia after crossing the dangerous and pirated Gulf of Thailand. Malaysia has 756 children in immigration detention centers. Another 600 refugees arrived in August and thereafter the arrival of boats from Vietnam was a near daily occurrence. You may be required to obtain permission from the copyright owner. These shots are from the time I spent on Pulau Bidong, Malaysia, in 1985. The Chinese who did stay, were persecuted by the locals along with their siblings [they] acquired a boat through a friend, a compass, and a map for their journey. Latrines and wells were inadequate; tropical rainstorms sent rivers of filthy water through the camp; all food and clean water had to be imported from the mainland. The Bidong Island (Malay: Pulau Bidong, Terengganuan Pula Bidong) is an island in Kuala Nerus District, Terengganu, Malaysia in the South China Sea. Bidong Island Malaysia now is a deserted island without any settler or resort operated. A refugee child on Bidong. The largest amounts of refugees came in 1979; more than 40,000 people. In the afternoon of the first day, We were chased and stopped by a big steel fishing boat (Chin Thng 18). The locals (particularly in the East Coast) didnt like that at all, to the point that some were attacking the incoming boats by throwing rocks at them. The original version of this document may be found on the offical website of the IRB at, Last Updated: Tuesday, 28 February 2023, 15:25 GMT, 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Canada. [5], United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, http://www.terengganutourism.com/pulau_bidong.htm, http://makmalberpusat.umt.edu.my/?page_id=65. What Can You Do in Chiaksan National Park Korea? Water was rationed at one gallon per day per person. Landed in the Malaysian shore at about 11:30pm , about 1 hour bus ride from Marang Transit Camp, with about 100 liters of diesel left. Recently, I had the opportunity to visit the famous Pulau Bidong, while participating in a foster family program in Terengganu. Refugee Camps Bidong Camp stories Boat numbers Voices of refugees Photos Bibliography Refugee finder Story of 1730 I was just on the internet and came across your website. [4], After the departure of the refugees, the Marine Research Station of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu's was established on the island. The Vietnamese boat people may have faded from national consciousness, thankfully because the causes which led to such a disruptive human exodus have been dealt with. Tr V Bidong - Return to Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp. 1980 -1981 Pulau Bidong Refugee camp sketches - La Toan Vinh About Us The Vietnamese Heritage Museum (VHM) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to the preservation and exhibition of our Vietnamese refugees' heritage. US forces leaving Saigon, shortly before the capital fell. They landed in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, a few days later, but was told to go to Pulau Bidong where a refugee camp was set up. The refugee camp closed in 1991 with some 250,000 refugees having passed through and either re-settled or, eventually, forcibly repatriated. With the closing of the camp, the remaining refugees were repatriated back to Vietnam. By the time Bidong was closed as a refugee camp on October 30, 1991, about 250,000 Vietnamese had passed through or resided in the camp. Every year, they (the Vietnamese) will come here to visit the graves of their ancestors, and recently we found out that there are requests to hold weddings here even though they have become successful people in the fields of politics and economy, they have a very high sentimental attachment to Pulau Bidong, Dr Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar, translated from Astro Awani. The process of shooting / developing / printing / scanning / processing the images has not always been kind. Immigration officials from many countries visited the island to interview refugees for resettlement abroad. Bidong Island in Malaysia is a unique destination to choose as it doesnt offer too beautiful scenery, wonderful BIdong Island sunrise and fun activities to do but it has the interesting history to learn. As a young girl, I remember staring at the refugees staying at the Sungei Besi Refugee camp. Stayed in Marang Transit Camp for over 2 days awaiting for bad weather to subside before being transferred to Pulau Bidong by the "Blue Dart" boat. Bidong IslandThe Bidong Archipelago comprises six islands. The island has a sad history, but it was also the beginning of a. One of the many cemeteries on Bidong. Transfer to Sungai Besei in Kuala Lumpur for 3 weeks before heading to Bataan PRPC (Philippine Refugee Processing Center) for a 3 months Cultural and Orientation Program for English level E. Left Zone 5 (near the Camp Market) early in the morning of August 14, 1984 to go to America via Northwest Airlines (Seatle WA port of arrival). However, the number of boat people fleeing Vietnam was relatively small until 1978. "Palau Bidong Malaysia, is Still Home to 5,000 Refugees." List of boats known to have arrived at Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp: 1978-1980, 1981-1985, 1986-1990, 1991 & after: Boat number Arrived Bidong Departed VN Number people Boat Story . There was a fear among Malaysia and other countries where the refugees first landed (called a first asylum) that the refugees would be here for always, so such drastic measures were taken. Bad sanitation, lack of foods and clean water for the overload people caused social problems and endemic diseases. BOX 27372 As for what they will be doing, at the time of writing there were several proposals by the state museum on what will be done, but the first thing will be to allocate some funds to repair the amenities on the island and clean it up a bit, after Terengganu receives its petroleum royalty from the federal government in September. A 501(c)(3) Non-Profit Organization, EIN 82-2141214. Struggling past the dense weeds and mosquitoes, the narrow passage then leads deeper into the island. But we don't have any choice. In the early stages, the refugees, some with nothing except the clothes on their backs, ate anything they could find on the island including monkeys, frogs and squirrels. Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp 1978 - 1991, Malaysia: Current News Home Thailand Koh Kra: Hell on Earth Songkhla Laem Sing; Malaysia Pulau Bidong Pulau Tengah; . It was three years after the Vietnam War ended with the fall of Saigon to the communist North Vietnamese Army. Based on accounts from a former refugee, the Malaysian government as well as volunteers had over time organized the island somewhat, and it had longhouses, schools, places of worship, and even a post office and coffee shops. Arrived at the "Cu Jetty" at 1:30pm on June 20, 1983. If something is not done about Pulau Bidong, and soon, it will fast become nothing more than a ghost island. A Reset font size. [They] had no set destination in mind, just to flee and find freedom They abandoned their house, belongings, mementos, and wedding photos in hope to flee the communist country. With the closing of the camp, the remaining refugees were repatriated back to Vietnam. Local fishermen traded with several Vietnamese who were brave enough to swim out to the fishing boats, anchored some distance from the island. Because of that, merchant ships who found them floating would often refuse to rescue them, as they feared that they wont be able to unload them when they land. The last remaining Vietnamese refugee in Malaysia, out of more than 250,000 "boat people" who began landing there 30 years ago, has returned home, marking a significant milestone in the history. Similarly, some might choose to sweep this tragic story of Vietnamese refugees in Malaysia under the carpet and pretend nothing like that ever happened, but the boat people incident will always be part of Malaysia's modern history. [{"nid":829751,"title":"NST Leader: A putsch too long","created":1662652822,"changed":1662652822,"sponsored":0,"highlighted":0,"url":"https:\/\/www.nst.com.my . Some of the countries we currently cover are Burma, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the most accurate information is presented, some content may contain errors. In the late 70s,Pulau Bidong was also home to Cambodians, who tried to flee the Khmer Rouge regime, Chinese-Vietnamese, who tried to escape Vietnamese Government. Although this tiny island only had the capacity to accommodate for 4,500 refugees, however during some very 'peak' seasons, it once sheltered almost 40,000 people. To put it simply, there used to be two Vietnams: North Vietnam, which was aligned to communists, and South Vietnam, which was aligned to the Allied forces. The most valuable thing my mom brought with her was her diamond ring which my dad bought for her for their wedding. Excerpt from PulauBidong. Bidong had so many fishes around the island. Vietnamese American Experiences at Westminster High School, Les Bird Book Signing: Along the Southern Boundary, Author Hour: Les Bird at Santa Ana Library, K c thuyn nhn ti trin lm ca Vin Bo Tng Di Sn Ngi Vit Little Saigon TV, PHOTOS: VHM Annual Gala A Reflection of Our Past. Even if they reached land, the local authorities would often deny them entry, pushing their boats back out to sea. One visitor, Leo Cherne, called Bidong "Hell Isle." And the best part their corals is the mos beutifull far more beautiful from perhentian and redang. You may be required to seek cultural clearances from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, families, individuals or organisations before you reproduce Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander material. Bidong refugee camp located in Bidong Island, Terengganu state, Malaysia, was established in Oct 1978 and closed down in Nov 1991. Bidong was opened as a refugee camp in August 1978 and by June 1979 there were about 40,000 Indo-Chinese refugees on an island said to have capacity for about 4,500 people. Boat left Vietnam at 9:45pm on Sunday night, June 12, 1983 from My Tho in the suburban area (along the Mekong River) about 3 miles from downtown My Tho. Bidong Island was officially opened as a refugee camp on 8 August 1978 with 121 Vietnamese refugees. Yes, this is the famous island portrayed in the controversial movie Turtle Beach (starring Joan Chen) but no, none of the refugees were murdered by the local fishermen. [3], By the time Bidong was closed as a refugee camp on 30 October 1991, about 250,000 Vietnamese had passed through or resided in the camp. It seems the camp spread and scattered around every flat area of the island. Pulau Bidong, today. As our boat approached the island to dock, we were given a warm, yet strange welcome by other survivors. Wewishto preserve this heritage for present and future generations to reflect upon. Required fields are marked *. The Pulau Bidong refugee camp in Malaysia was typical of the conditions faced by many refugees. This is not a UNHCR publication. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. by John Doan. Often, they left Vietnam in overcrowded, derelict boats not meant for seafaring, and besides facing dehydration and starvation, the monsoon made their journey even more dangerous. OMG, SPM is so secretive, its even filed under OSA but why? For details on the Bidong Island Guided Tour Package, call Ping Anchorage Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd at 09-6262020. This will help us to understand whats popular and why so that we can continue to improve access to the collections. Refugees. "[2] But the refugee population was well organised and many small businesses and an efficient food and water distribution system was set up. By January 1979, there were 18,000 Vietnamese on the island and by June 1979 it was said to be the most heavily populated place on earth with about 40,000 refugees crowded into a flat area hardly larger than a football field. List of boats known to have arrived at Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp: 1978-1980, 1981-1985, 1986-1990, 1991 & after: From 1981 To 1985: Boat number Arrived Bidong Departed VN Number . My sister and I took English lessons to prepare ourselves for repatriation to a third country. Copyright notice: This document is published with the permission of the copyright holder and producer Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB). Img by John Isaac, obtained from LoyarBurok. Refworld contains a vast collection of reports relating to situations in countries of origin, policy documents and positions, and documents relating to international and national legal frameworks. Bidong Island was officially opened as a refugee camp on 8 August 1978 with 121 Vietnamese refugees. Imagine saying no to a boat full of desperate people. With the huge number of boat people landed on the island, in August 1978 the federal government borrowed this island from the state government of Terengganu and gazetted Bidong as a refugee camp.Bidong is one square kilometer in area and is situated off the coast of Terengganu, Malaysia in the South China Sea. The capacity of the camp was said to be 4,500. Since we did not have any adults to protect us, we were often bullied. Closing ceremony Bidong was officially closed with a farewell ceremony on October 30th, 1991. One visitor, Leo Cherne, called Bidong "Hell Isle." Img from Humanosphere. Pulau Bidong is off the coast of Terengganu and accessible via the Kampung Merang jetty, a 20-minute drive from Kuala Terengganu. Though faded by the unforgiving weather, the paintings and posters give a heartfelt feeling that there were once children learning and playing in these shacks. The capacity of the camp was said to be 4,500. Despite having my sister to take care of me, I missed my family terribly. Copyright 2020. We also did not know how to tell my parents that our brother drowned on the way here. The two sides were locked in war, until the North managed to capture Saigon (the Souths capital, now called Ho Chi Minh) in April 1975. Weve even done a piece on Malaysians being refugees somewhere else, but the point is, if youre talking about a refugee crisis in Malaysia, youd probably imagine these more recent cases. With the only navigation tools they had of a compass and a map, they sailed to the closest country with hopes that they will accept the refugees. Pulau Bidong was eventually shut down as a refugee camp in October 1991, and the remaining refugees were moved to the Sungai Besi Refugee Center in Kuala Lumpur, where they were either eventually resettled or repatriated back to Vietnam. They were called "boat people.". Refugees crowded onto the island "lived in makeshift huts two and three stories high made of salvaged timbers from wrecked boats, plastic sheets, tin cans, and corrugated iron sheets." In May 1975, the first boat with 47 refugees arrived in Malaysia from Vietnam. As weve said before, the Bidong camp was just a temporary thing until the world can figure out what to do with the refugees, but Malaysia did not plan to keep up with so many. Img from Medium. What remains are mute reminders of recent history: charred wooden buildings and rotting huts which once housed about a quarter of a million boat people since their first arrival in 1978. "We have heard stories of similarly desperate boat people escaping out of the communist Vietnam. Following reports of these things happening, the Western countries finally agreed in July 1979 to increase the number of refugees they will accept per year for resettlement, to give out more funds to help these refugees, and to help in processing their resettlement. By the time Bidong was closed as a refugee camp on October 30, 1991, about 250,000 Vietnamese had passed through or resided in the camp. Pulau Bidong, one of the scenic and uninhabited islands off located off Kuala Terengganu, is often remembered as the temporary home of the Vietnamese boat people who fled their war-torn country in the 1970s. They stand like a mute reminder to the world. Our aim is to make mundane things like news and current events entertaining, and informative, hopefully in equal measure. We took about a week while some other boats spent one or two months being tossed and turned by the waves. Although we cover a wide range of topics, our emphasis is on art, culture, history and travel. Black market also thrived in the community. Stayed in Zone C until April 30, 1984 (yes, April 30th!). As people would stay longer for screening, this was the case for who arrived after March 14th, 1989, many wells were dug by the refugee to be used for bathe, cooking, and farming. It has regained its former pristine beauty and many former refugees have revisited their old home. Happy traveling! They were also a main source of food to the refugees. Pulau bidong saya pernah pergi, selepas off as refugee camp. Boat numbers. In May 1975, Malaysia's shores saw the arrival of the first weather-beaten boat, carrying 47 people from Viet Nam. A total of about 250,000 refugees were residents of the camp during the period of its operation. While the government had later clarified that they wont literally shoot the refugees (Tun M said shoo the refugees, not shoot), they have admitted in June that they had towed out more than 40,000 refugees since January that year. John Thanh Hung Ho, his brothers Vinh and Duc, and room mates at the refugee camp on Pulau Bidong Island, Trengganu, Malaysia. CC See:A beauty of Tioman Island Malaysia never forgets this place! An international volunteer staff of medical personnel tended to the refugee's health problems. In 1979, Tun Mahathir, who was the deputy Prime Minister back then, made a controversial statement saying that Malaysia would remove some 70,000 refugees from the camp and put them out to sea again, as well as shooting on sight any refugee boats attempting to land. Doctors were abundant, but medicine was in short supply. Other refugee camps were also set up in other regions of Malaysia such as Pulau Tengah, Pulau Besar, Kota Bharu, Kuantan, Sarawak, Sabah, and Kuala Lumpur. On 30 April 1975, the Vietnam War ended with the evacuation of the American Embassy and the fall of Saigon to the North Vietnamese Army. With the closing of the camp, the remaining refugees in Malaysia were repatriated back to Vietnam. The Vietnamese Heritage Museum(VHM)is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to the preservation andexhibitionof our Vietnamese refugees heritage. BY First day to be a refugee (ID under boat number PB942) was in a heavy down-pouring due to the Monsoon. They took only what was most important to them. P.O. I studied at a school in the camp which prepared the refugees for resettlement. While it has been said that the living conditions in makeshift tents for those who become refugees due to wars are deplorable, for the thousands of Vietnamese boat people who found refuge at Pulau Bidong it was, to some extent, likened to living in a tropical paradise. In 1999, the island was opened to tourism. Imagine a seven year old child with a twelve year old sister, wondering about the safety of our family members back in Vietnam! In 13 years it provided accomodatation to a number of nearly 250,000 Vietnamese boat people, with the topmost crowded period of time in 1980 it housed over 40,000 boat people at one time in a small area of one . With the huge number of boat people landed on the island, in August 1978 the federal government 'borrowed' this island from the state . The sums overloaded the island and the refugee camp was only for about 4,500 people. List of boats known to have arrived at Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp: 1978-1980, 1981-1985, 1986-1990, 1991 & after: From 1986 To 1990: Boat number Arrived Bidong Departed . Finally the theme of refugee, internee and detainee craft recurs across time and place and provides a tangible connection between very different human experiences, the trauma, economy and the tedium of which has been consistently alleviated through artistic practice. Outside the church, on a mass of cement shaped as a ship's bow, dozens of stone tablets commemorate all those who didn't make it over. A Geneva Convention held in July 1979 resulted in Vietnam agreeing to restrain the flow of refugees and the Southeast Asian countries agreeing to take all those who came to their shores provided that the Western countries guaranteed resettlement for the majority of them. Over 100,000 people arrived in May and June 1979, flooding the refugee camps The UN described the situation as the worst refugee crisis since the Second World War. Mike Molloy, an author of Running on Empty: Canada and the Indochinese Refugees, 1975-1980, taken from CBC. Note: Pahang is the name of a state. Black market also thrived in the community. Landed in the Malaysian shore at about 11:30pm , about 1 hour bus ride from Marang Transit Camp, with about 100 liters of diesel left. Pulau Bidong is like a gem in the South China Sea waiting for the right time for its potential to be realized. Your email address will not be published. Img by diligam_te, found on Wikipedia. Cross, Copyright Lachlan Kennedy / All Rights Reserved. The collection is also a symbol of a particular period in Australian migration history when support for refugee programs had both bipartisan and public support. Know More About Airpazs Price Alert Tool. While the last Vietnamese refugee left Malaysia on Aug 30, 2005. Up until last month, almost 5,000 people had visited the island, and some of them include former refugees or their children. Sadly, my brother could not survive the traumatic journey. They indiscreetly scrutinized us as we treaded gingerly, looking out for relatives and friends, on the white sandy beach. Many of the blogs weve found spoke of their time on the island fondly, but in reality. Bidong Island is accessible from the coastal town of Merang in Setiu district. All the 'official' buildings were made from plywood with the processing building separate from the administration building.Bidong was opened as a refugee camp in August 1978 and by June 1979 there were about 40,000 Indo-Chinese refugees on an island said to have capacity for about 4,500 people. Waiting for the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) to process our application for asylum in Australia took nearly two years. Refugee boats were often pushed offshore or towed to Bidong and other designated camps. To that end, officials from Europe, the US, Australia and Canada came to refugee camps in Southeast Asia to interview refugees and bring the lucky ones back to their countries, and little by little the number of refugees lessened. Pulau Bidong Refugee Camp 1978 - 1991, Malaysia: Current News Home Thailand Koh Kra: Hell on Earth Songkhla Laem Sing; Malaysia Pulau Bidong Pulau Tengah; . Aid organizations such as the Malaysian Red Crescent Society, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and many non-governmental organizations assisted the refugees. 1994-2015 Global Directions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Bidong Island The Bidong Archipelago comprises six islands. This material reflects the creators attitude or that of the period in which the item was written, recorded, collected or catalogued. But as the conflicts progressed in Vietnam, more and more refugees reached Malaysia. It was taken at a refugee camp on the Malaysian island of Pulau Bidong off the coast of Terengganu in the South China Sea in April, 1981. Largest island (about 260 ha in size), Bidong was one of the scenic and uninhibited islands in those days. Mr Kennedy said it was a transitional moment in Australia's history. Bidong Island is accessible from the coastal town of Merang. Often, they would visit the graveyards found on Pulau Bidong, which have been maintained by the Archive of Vietnamese Boat People, with money contributed by ethnic Vietnamese around the world. You can use price alert to monitor your flight fares according to your traveling budget. There were 99 peoples (wasn't known until arrival) on a 14 meters wooden boat, powered by very reliable a 4-cilynder diesel engine.