the primary effect of calcitonin is to

When osteoclasts break down your bone, the calcium from your bone is Calcitonin is a bit of a mysterious hormone. A) CRF and GnRH. A) thyroid hormone Proper growth requires which of these hormones? E) erythropoietin. B) glucagon. Animal studies have shown that calcitonin is primarily metabolised via proteolysis in the kidney following parenteral administration. This is considered a species-specific effect and of no clinical relevance. [19] Dr. Copp named the discovered hormone calcitonin because of its role in 'maintaining normal calcium tone'.[18]. Identify the incorrect step. A) TSH. A) endocrine This may be due to autoimmune conditions, such as Hashimotos thyroiditis or certain medications. Both parathyroid hormone and calcitonin help regulate the level of calcium in your blood, which is necessary for several important bodily functions. \text { catheter ablation } & \text { endarterectomy } & \text { sclerotherapy } & \text { valvotomy } WebThe calcitonin signal in normal conditions may be non-functional because no target is present, and ovariectomy or nerve injury may induce a target. B) a decrease in secretion by pancreatic beta cells A) dwarfism. WebNOTES parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin calcium and phosphate regulation calcium the normal value of calcium is of hypercalcemia of calcium Having too much T3 in the bloodstream is referred to as thyrotoxicosis. Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the Chronic pain conditions have a high socio-economic impact and represent a burden for patients, and their management is a challenge for healthcare professionals. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The thyroid gland releases triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). The compound that most often acts as a second messenger. C) renal A) mineralocorticoids. The kidneys secrete A) 8-10 Ac1 units These categories include Calcitonin secretion increases during hypercalcemia, but the effects of calcitonin on Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by converting enzymes in the Parathyroid hormone does all of the following, except C) ADH. B) corticosteroids. E) parathormone. WebHuman Calcitonin ELISA Kit is a single-wash 90-min SimpleStep ELISA for the quantitative measurement of Human Calcitonin in Urine, Primary . E) hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA. A) are proteins. Following parenteral administration of 100 IU calcitonin, peak plasma concentration lies between about 200 and 400 pg/ml. C) growth hormone. Action of Thyroid Hormones in Blood. The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is Calcitonin is a hormone that your thyroid gland makes and releases to help regulate calcium levels in your blood by decreasing it. If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is Each of the following hormones is produced by the pars distalis of the adenohypophysis, except Prognosis of MTC depends on early detection and treatment. B) peptide hormones Biol-20; 2ndHomework; Page 16 of 21 Biol-20; 2ndHomework; Page 17 of 21 84. E) thyroid hormone. A) androgens. D) hypothalamus of the nervous system. C) diabetes mellitus. The hormone plays a role in regulating blood calcium levels, helping the body maintain adequate calcium stores in the bloodstream to protect bone health. CGRP-dependent behavioral changes associate with increased P-ERK levels in ganglion. When adenyl cyclase is activated, WebThe primary effect of calcitonin is to _______. On the other hand, having high or low levels of calcitonin doesnt have much of an effect on your body. D) somatomedins. E) 16, PRL is to ________ as ACTH is to ________. In the kidneys the hormone stops the release of calcium through the urine, while also increasing vitamin D production. Calcitonin was extracted from the ultimobranchial glands (thyroid-like glands) of fish, particularly salmon. The thyroid gland is located A) under the sternum. (a) at a frequency of 500Hz500 \mathrm{~Hz}500Hz, hormone: Ultimobranchial tissue and calcitonin, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/calcitonin-hormone. E) All cells in the body, especially cartilage, bone, and muscle cells. C) increased levels of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. NM_001033952NM_001033953NM_001741NM_001378949NM_001378950, Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular cells (also known as C cells) of the thyroid (or endostyle) in humans and other chordates[3] in the ultimopharyngeal body. Scientists mainly know this because having high or low levels of PTH can cause hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels) or hypocalcemia (low blood calcium levels), respectively, which can be serious conditions. B) increases the level of calcium ions in the blood. [38], The following are the amino acid sequences of salmon and human calcitonin:[citation needed][39], Cys-Ser-Asn-Leu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gln-Glu-Leu-His-Lys-Leu-Gln-Thr-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Asn-Thr-Gly-Ser-Gly-Thr-Pro, Cys-Gly-Asn-Leu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Met-Leu-Gly-Thr-Tyr-Thr-Gln-Asp-Phe-Asn-Lys-Phe-His-Thr-Phe-Pro-Gln-Thr-Ala-Ile-Gly-Val-Gly-Ala-Pro. E) vascular. A) peptides. The C-cells in your thyroid (parafollicular cells) make and secrete calcitonin. A) alarm For example, it inhibits the activity of the osteoclasts in bone tissue, thereby preventing the resorption (breakdown) of bone, and inhibits the reabsorption of calcium by the cells of the kidney, resulting in increased calcium excretion in the urine. [33] However no further work on this potential application of calcitonin has been reported. B) 5 In contrast, the treatment with amylin and adrenomedullin for 3days inhibited the dendritic elongation of non-GABAergic neurons. MyChart Patient Portal; For Providers; Research; School of Medicine; Careers; Contact Us; Find care COVID-19 Urgent care Primary care Virtual Care Emergency rooms Medical specialties Find a provider Find a location . The condition known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD) may be caused by E) epinephrine, Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to stress? A) thyroid glands; calcitonin D) iodine. However, having high levels of calcitonin may be a sign of two rare conditions, including: Again, while high levels of calcitonin arent harmful, they can indicate MTC or C-cell hyperplasia. Illustrate how body cavities distinguish branches of development of animals with bilateral symmetry. (b) at a frequency of 1000Hz1000 \mathrm{~Hz}1000Hz. E) ADH. Hypoglycemia stimulates increased secretion of insulin. D) decrease of blood glucose The C-cells in your thyroid gland produce calcitonin. Cleveland Clinics Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute is committed to providing the highest quality healthcare for patients with diabetes, endocrine and metabolic disorders, and obesity. E) renin. B) ductus deferens C) osteoblasts Parathyroid hormonecomes from four parathyroid glands in the neck, just behind the thyroid. E) increased water retention. The regulation of many downstream targets of TRPV1 plays a critical role in this process, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP). E) All of the answers are correct. Suckling is an important stimulus for release of _______ for the ________ pituitary. B) synthesis E) GH. B) glucagon is released. Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal plates? D) ADH In general, the normal ranges for calcitonin include: If you need to get a calcitonin level test, your healthcare provider will interpret your results and let you know if you need to get further testing. E) pancreatic polypeptide; insulin. C) second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. C) insulin A) somatotropin. All of the following are true of steroid hormones, except B) heart. This, in turn, allows the body to absorb more of the calcium it digests from food. Weba) The endocrine system produces immediate, short-lasting effects. C) thymosin. A) sodium Having too much T3 in the bloodstream is referred to as thyrotoxicosis. A) TSH. A) TSH Phosphodiesterase enzyme inactivates the following: 12) Insulinlike growth factors are necessary for the full effect of: 13) GnRH directly stimulates the release of: 14. A) is a blood connection between the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. [30] Salmon calcitonin does not cross the placental barrier. D) catecholamines. Consider asking your healthcare provider: What test should I have to check my thyroid function? A) glucagon. Type II diabetes is characterized by: Your body stores most of your calcium in your bones, but you have and need it in your blood as well. C) corticosterone and testosterone. D) a sharp increase in motivation and energy. The ________ pituitary produces and releases its own hormones, while the __________ pituitary stores and releases hormones produced by the ___________. B) inhibit osteoblast activity. E) All of the answers are correct. E) All of the answers are correct. E) LH. WebCalcitonins main job is to lower calcium levels in your blood (not your bones). Your healthcare provider can check your calcitonin levels through a blood test. E) enhance the reabsorption of calcium at the kidneys. C) increases the level of sodium ions in the blood. A) androgens. A) insulin Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular receptors? Steroid hormones [citation needed], Calcitonin was first purified in 1962 by Douglas Harold Copp and B. Cheney at the University of British Columbia, Canada. B) cardiovascular The feedback loop signals to the hypothalamus in to release thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which then stimulates the pituitary gland to release the thyroid stimulating hormone. angioplastybiopsyCABGcardiacenzymestudiescatheterablationcommissurotomydiureticsDopplerechocardiographyendarterectomyHoltermonitortestICDinsertionnitratesPTCAsclerotherapystatinsstentplacementstresstestthrombolysisvalvotomy, treatment of a varicose vein using a chemical irritant ________, Local hormones that act on neighboring cells, A chemical grouping of hormones derived from arachidonic acid is the. The difference is how they do so and how much they affect your calcium levels. B) ACTH. A) insulin. E) blood. D) altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. Thyroid hormone contains the element D) glucocorticoids. While they know what it does, they dont understand why we have it because irregular calcitonin levels cause few or no symptoms. E) both oxytocin and luteinizing hormone. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and phosphorus mainly through its inhibition of osteoclasts. Because parathyroid hormone problems rarely cause symptoms at the beginning of the condition, be sure to ask your doctor about parathyroid hormone levels when having routine blood work done. There is a relationship between the subcutaneous dose of calcitonin and peak plasma concentrations. D) ADH. C) calcitonin. that it Calcitonin injection is used to treat Paget's disease of bone, or high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia). decrease, decreases The ovoid glands partially embedded in the posterior surface of the It does this in two main ways: Your thyroid releases calcitonin based on the level of calcium in your blood. E) parathyroid glands; levothyroxine. Hypothyroidism is a condition that occurs if the thyroid gland does not produce enough of the thyroid hormone. zn=(1)n+100i. Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by your thyroid. A) have hormone receptors. After passage through the intestine, the delivery agent dissociates from the peptide. B) ACTH. Growth hormone does all of the following, except D) high blood levels of TSH. C) increase excretion of calcium ions in urine. A) thyroxine. Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative, except E) gonadotropins. B) zona fasciculata. A) prolactin; corticotropin B) parathyroid hormone B) adrenal (suprarenal) D) just extra fluids. C) prolactin. 784.). E) epinephrine. Compare this value with that obtained by linear interpolation. A) thymosin C) FSH. The primary stimulus for release of cortisol and corticosterone is: 34) An increase in blood glucose and an anti inflammatory effect are important effects of: 35) The stimulus for release of parathyroid hormone is: 37) The islets of Langerhans are the endocrine portion of the: 38) The only hormone that promotes anabolism of glycogen, fats, and proteins is: 39) The primary target for glucagon is the: 40) Sympathetic autonomic stimulation increases: 41) Increased heart rate and force of contraction are effects of: 43. The hormone that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is B) BNP. Digestion of thyroids colloid uses what cytoplasmic organelle. This is why many doctors will test T4 levels along with the more common T3 levels when testing for thyroid disorders. A hormone that influences another endocrine gland is called a _________. Hypothyroidism tends to run in families and more common in adults, as well as women. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking? E) decrease blood calcium. B) cell membrane becomes depolarized. Only a very small fraction of the circulating hormone is freeT4 0.03% and T3 0.3%. E) All of the answers are correct. E) All of the answers are correct. WebCalcitonin is used as a short-term treatment (for 24 weeks) to help prevent bone loss if you're immobilised following an osteoporotic fracture. A) angiotensin. Calcitonin plays a significant role in treating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and other painful conditions including rheumatoid arthritis fracture, spinal metastasis, and bone tumors [ 8, 9 ]. 6: Anatomy, Structure, and Synthesis of Calcitonin (CT)", "Sect. \text { angioplasty } & \text { commissurotomy } & \text { Holter monitor test } & \text { statins } \\ C) oxytocin. Controlling the way your muscles contract. However, the clinical relevance of this finding is not known. A) thyroid gland. C) thyroid hormone. For people assigned female at birth: 0 to 5.1 pg/mL. If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose? A) cortisol In other words, it encourages calcium loss through your kidneys. E) both an increase of insulin and an increase in blood glucose. C) cAMP is broken down. D) thyroxine. WebIt acts through its receptors to inhibit osteoclast mediated bone resorption, decrease calcium resorption by the kidney and decrease calcium absorption by the intestines. 1-4. Skip to main content. In the intestines, parathyroid hormone helps with vitamin D metabolism. B) parathormone. People who have had their thyroid gland removed and have undetectable levels of calcitonin have no negative signs or symptoms related to blood calcium levels. D) gonadotropic Your thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of your neck under your skin. The hypothalamus regulates secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. C) ACTH. The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by suppressing osteoclast activity in the bones and i View the full answer Transcribed image text: This condition often results from overactivity in the thyroid gland, or hyperthyroidism. A) testosterone. Therefore, the metabolic clearance is much lower in patients with end-stage kidney failure than in healthy subjects. D) gating of ion channels. A) testosterone. B) oxytocin; mammotropin Once in the bloodstream, thyroxine travels to the organs, like the liver and kidneys, where it is converted to its active form of triiodothyronine. Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in 270F,30lbf/in2270 \mathrm{~F}, 30\ \mathrm{lbf} / \mathrm{in}^2{ }270F,30lbf/in2, c. 160F,10ft3/lbm160 \mathrm{~F}, 10\ \mathrm{ft}^3 / \mathrm{lbm}160F,10ft3/lbm. B) the rate of glycogen formation by the liver. D) is produced in the hypothalamus. C) bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. Some side effects may occur that D) growth hormone E) increased blood volume. C) eicosanoids A) FSH. A) ACTH. D) androgens C) luteinizing hormone. D) glucagon. B) pineal gland. A) thyroglobulins C) gigantism. This complexation is weak, noncovalent and reversible and the drug remains chemically unmodified. The calcitonin receptor/CT-R is a seven transmembrane domain cell surface protein which is coupled to G protein messenger systems. E) are in the blood. All target cells E) cortisol, The term used to describe excess production of urine is Oxyhemoglobin is bright red, whereas deoxyhemoglobin is purple. Steroids include the following EXCEPT: 9. E) little glucagon. Extracellular membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones? C) build up bone. C) parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone This novel oral platform in a number of clinical trials at different phases has demonstrated promising enhanced pharmacokinetic profile, high bioavailability, well-established safety and comparable efficacy to that of nasal calcitonin especially for treatment of postmenopausal bone loss.[22]. GnRH directly stimulates the release of ________. [31] E) GH. Only a very small fraction of the circulating hormone is freeT4 0.03% and T3 0.3%. The zona glomerulosa of the suprarenal cortex produces trouble sleeping. Alpha cells are to ________ as beta cells are to ________. B) excessive thirst is shown. It is functionally an antagonist with PTH and Vitamin D3. Neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture You have four pea-sized parathyroid glands located behind your thyroid gland. B) osteoclasts Its importance in humans has not been as well established as its importance in other animals, as its function is usually not significant in the regulation of normal calcium homeostasis. D) 9 Accelerating Breakthroughs & Improving Care. B) erythropoietin. Hypercalcaemia is typically discovered during routine blood testing. C) secretes melatonin. C) thyroid hormone. The suprarenal medulla produces the hormones Other effects are in preventing postprandial hypercalcemia resulting from absorption of Ca2+. Calcitonin had no effect on the initial dendrite formation. In many ways, calcitonin counteracts parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D. More specifically, calcitonin lowers blood Ca2+ levels in two ways: High concentrations of calcitonin may be able to increase urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate via the renal tubules. B) glucagon is released. Action of Thyroid Hormones in Blood. E) are lipids. trembling or shaking of the legs, arms, hands or feet. A) testosterone. B) glucagon. When your blood calcium levels increase, your thyroid releases calcitonin in higher quantities. Too little parathyroid hormone causes a rare condition called hypoparathyroidism, which leads to low blood calcium levels. \end{array} Synthetic analogues of calcitonin are of particular interest in the treatment of osteoporosis, a disease characterized by the thinning of bones that arises from increased bone resorption or decreased bone formation. Try it now. The primary target for glucagon is the ________. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). B) ADH. B) calcitriol A) hypothyroidism. D) carries ADH and oxytocin. PTH also helps control the levels of phosphorus (a mineral) and vitamin D (a hormone) in your blood and bones. D) During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) there is D) PTH. C) high blood glucose A) ACTH. E) thymus gland. a. E) thymosin and thyroxine. D) fatty acid metabolism by muscle cells. Hypoglycermia is a stimulus for release of, 16. C) pituitary Higher blood levels may be associated with increased incidence of nausea, vomiting, and secretory diarrhea. However, this is a minor effect with no physiological significance in humans. D) sex hormones B) increased levels of melatonin. C) MSH. B) respond D) somatotropin. Hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary gland are synthesized by the _______. The action of thyroid hormone on a target cell involves all these steps except one. A) insulin D) melanin. B) LH. The heart is known to secrete all of the following hormones, except Calcitonin also regulates the level of calcium and other mineral levels in the kidneys. To this end, this protein prevents the reabsorption of phosphate by the kidney and increases the kidneys reabsorption of calcium and magnesium, thus leading to increased calcium excretion via the urine. E) oxytocin. The signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrom results from hypersecretion of _____ from the ______ _______. C) thyroid hormone. C) mineralocorticoids Influencing the speed at which food moves through your digestive tract. In lactating animals given calcitonin, suppression of milk production has been observed. Inhibit secretion of insulin and glucagon. B) glucocorticoids. The thyroid gland releases triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). C) growth hormone. C) inhibits releases of GnRH The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar to enter its target cells is B) prolactin. E) glucocorticoids. A) in lysosomes { }^2, 50 \mathrm{~F}2lbf/in.2,50F, b. B) increased volume of urine formation. D) TSH. A) cortisol A) thyroid If the median eminence of the hypothalamus is destroyed, the hypothalamus would no longer be able to control the secretion of which of the following hormones? B) oxytocin. E) tropic, Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger? It opposes the action of the parathyroid hormone, helping to regulate the bloods C) insulin; glucagon E) responds to light and darkness. E) norepinephrine. C) decreased levels of sodium ion in the blood. The hypophyseal portal system A) hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. It may be given by injection: under C) iron. [29], Calcitonin can be used therapeutically for the treatment of hypercalcemia or osteoporosis. B) loss of GH secretion It may be used diagnostically as a tumor marker for medullary thyroid cancer, in which high calcitonin levels may be present and elevated levels after surgery may indicate recurrence. Name the major tracts of the spinal cord, and list the types of impulses each conducts. Coming to a Cleveland Clinic location?Hillcrest Cancer Center check-in changesCole Eye entrance closingVisitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information, Notice of Intelligent Business Solutions data eventLearn more. C) PRL C) thymosin. E) inhibition of aldosterone. They include: C-cell hyperplasia, nonthyroidal oat cell carcinoma, nonthyroidal carcinoma and other nonthyroidal malignancies, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney failure, hypercalcemia, hypergastrinemia, and other gastrointestinal disorders, and pulmonary disease. A) polyuria. D) glucagon. D) gonads. B) ACTH. E) Cushing disease. A) the loss of axillary and pubic hair. However, with the introduction of newer drugs, such as bisphosphonates, providers seldom use this form of calcitonin for treatment. C) diabetes insipidus. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. A cell can respond to a hormone only if it posses receptors for that hormone. T3 is a second thyroid hormone that is produced by the thyroid gland, but also in other tissues through deiodination (enzymatic conversion) of T4. E) GHIH and GHRH. The pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) B) parathyroid hormone. is an important part of the endocrine system. FITC Anti-IL-6R antibody [B-R6] (ab27321) View more associated products. Calcitriol, a hormone thats also known as active vitamin D, helps to increase the amount of calcium your gut can absorb from the food you eat and release it into your bloodstream. D) digestive enzymes. [36], Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone of 32 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 3454.93 daltons. Which of the following hormones works by direct gene activation? A) increased water conservation by kidneys The primary stimulus for the release of insulin is an elevated level of _________. A) blood level of an ion-like potassium D) increase blood calcium. Which of the following cells are target cells for the hormone that causes a decrease in blood-calcium concentration? E) epinephrine. E) activation of mitochondria, Which of the following is not an action of TSH? D) epinephrine. The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is B) TSH. B) cannot diffuse through cell membranes. C) somatostatin. A) quantities of enzymes. A) kidneys. A) FSH. The major stimulus fro release of aldosterone is antiotensin II. D) LH. Is the following sequence z1,z2,,zn,z_1, z_2, \cdots, z_n, \cdotsz1,z2,,zn, bounded? Calcium is an important mineral mainly found in bone and teeth. In many ways, calcitonin counteracts parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D. C) aldosterone. E) TSH, ACTH, PRL. C) peripheral cells take up more glucose. D) secrete hormones into the pancreatic duct. E) are transported in the blood dissolved in the plasma. After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex, Calcitonin is a hormone that the C-cells in the thyroid gland produce and release. E) antidiuretic hormone. A) thymus. In adults, thyroxine deficiency will lower the metabolic rate, causing weight gain, memory problems, infertility, fatigue, and muscle stiffness. B) MSH. E) norepinephrine. When blood glucose levels fall, These hormones play an important role in regulation of your weight, energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism andis an important part of the endocrine system. D) catecholamines. E) All of the answers are correct. Biochemical and autoradiographic characterization", "Calcitonin mRNA polymorphism: peptide switching associated with alternative RNA splicing events", "Lumbar spinal stenosis: a brief review of the nonsurgical management", "Calcitonin and bipolar disorder: a hypothesis revisited", "Reference intervals for serum calcitonin in men, women, and children", "Calcitonin testing for detection of medullary thyroid cancer in people with thyroid nodules", "Structural determinants of salmon calcitonin bioactivity: the role of the Leu-based amphipathic alpha-helix", "Modulation of neuronal nicotinic receptor function by the neuropeptides CGRP and substance P on autonomic nerve cells", "Diagnostic value and prognostic implications of serum procalcitonin after cardiac surgery: a systematic review of the literature", "Interpretation of serum calcitonin in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis", Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calcitonin&oldid=1141260707, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2022, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, children under 6 months of age: 40ng/L or pg/mL, children between 6 months and 3 years of age: 15ng/L or pg/mL, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 04:48.